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传统村落公共开放空间图式语言及应用

日期：2016-09-17 来源：《中国园林》2016年11期作者：

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摘要:

传统村落开放空间图式语言是揭示传统村落在长期人、地相互作用的建设过程中，人类认识自然、利用自然和改造自然所积累的风景园林智慧，以图式作为表达形式，构建以人文生态过程为依据，由景观要素、空间单元、空间组合依次耦合嵌套所形成的具有尺度、秩序、语法、意义等功能的生态景观语汇体系。以全国传统村落为样本，开展村落公共开放空间典型图式语言研究，初步形成基本图式136种、组合图式30种，构成村落公共开放空间的图式语汇。结合吉林长白县鸡冠砬子村公共开放空间的规划设计实践，探讨运用图式语言进行人文生态设计的方法和途径。总体来看，传统村落公共开放空间的规律性较强，具有很多可以学习和借鉴的空间模式。同时图式语言的应用需适合景观环境并符合功能导向，在规划设计中应“有式而无形”，因地制宜地做相应调整。

Abstract:

The pattern language of public open space in traditional village reveals the traditional ecosophy accumulated by people in the long-term interaction between man and nature under the process of understanding, using and changing the natural landscape and building the settlement. The vocabulary system consists of landscape elements, space unit, and spatial combination and has the function of scale, order, syntax, and meaning with the language grammar. This research focuses on the traditional villages as samples and research on typical space pattern of public open space in traditional village, formed 136 basic patterns and 30 combination patterns, and established the basic vocabulary of public open space in traditional village. Combined with the rural public open space planning and design practice in Jiguanlazi Village in Changbai County, Jilin Province, the research also explores the method and ways to do the human ecosystem planning and design directed by pattern language. Overall, the regularity of the public open space in traditional village is strong, so it has a lot of spatial pattern to learn and imitate, it can support to build the pattern language system with the characteristic of multi-scale and nested structure. At the same time the application of pattern language should be appropriate for landscape environment and feature-driven, all kinds of pattern should be used in the way of "within style but without form" in the planning and design and should be made a corresponding adjustment with local conditions.

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